Palladium catalysis is a branch of organic chemistry that utilizes palladium as a catalyst to mediate various chemical reactions. Palladium is a versatile transition metal that is able to activate a wide range of substrates and facilitate different types of bond formation processes, such as cross-coupling reactions, C-H functionalization, and carbonylation reactions. Palladium catalysis has become a fundamental tool in modern synthetic chemistry, enabling the efficient and selective synthesis of complex organic molecules with high yields and atom economy. This research area continues to advance rapidly, with ongoing developments in new palladium-catalyzed transformations and applications in drug discovery, material science, and other fields.